On 17 March 2025, Turkish army forces carried out airstrikes and shelling against PKK militants in the Gire Bahar area (Al Amadiya, Duhok). Casualties unknown.

Supply-chain Risk Briefing: Turkish Military Airstrikes in Northern Iraq

1. Summary

On March 17, 2025, Turkish forces conducted airstrikes and artillery bombardments targeting PKK militants in the Al-Amadiya region of Duhok province in northern Iraq. This represents a medium-grade armed conflict occurring near the Iraq-Turkey border, with damage assessment still pending.

2. Supply-chain impact

• Potential oil transportation risks: Duhok province is a major oil production region in Iraq's northern Kurdish area, adjacent to pipeline routes to Turkey, making energy transportation vulnerable to disruption during sustained military operations
• Cross-border trade contraction: Military activity in the Iraq-Turkey border area could temporarily constrain bilateral overland trade and logistics transportation
• Construction materials supply chain: The Duhok region serves as a major entry point for Turkish construction materials and consumer goods, raising concerns about supply delays to northern Iraq reconstruction projects during border instability

3. Watch points

• Turkey-Iraq border crossing status: Monitor potential closure of border checkpoints and commercial vehicle transit restrictions
• PKK-Turkish military conflict escalation: Track additional military operations in the Duhok-Hakkari border area over the next 7-14 days