On 14 March 2025, Turkish army forces carried out shelling against PKK militants in the Gire Bahar area (Al Amadiya, Duhok). Casualties unknown.

Supply-chain Risk Briefing

1) Summary On March 14, 2025, Turkish forces conducted artillery strikes against PKK militants in the Al-Amadiya region of Dohuk Province in northern Iraq. The scale of casualties has not yet been confirmed, and this is assessed as a moderate-level localized military conflict.

2) Supply-chain impact

• Dohuk Province in Iraq's northern Kurdish autonomous region is a major transit point for overland logistics routes between Turkey and Iraq, with potential for cross-border transportation delays if military activities persist
• The region is adjacent to Middle Eastern oil and gas pipeline networks, raising concerns about indirect impacts on energy transport infrastructure if the conflict escalates
• Given the increasing trend in Turkey-Iraq trade volumes, instability in the border region acts as a factor driving up operational costs for bilateral commodity supply chains

3) Watch points

• Changes in frequency and intensity of Turkey's military operations against the PKK, and response levels from Iraq's central government and Kurdish regional government
• Operational status of Dohuk-Turkey border checkpoints (including Ibrahim Khalil) and whether logistics disruptions occur