[Iraq] Explosions/Remote violence: Shelling/artillery/missile attack

Summary

Single-source ACLED detection — awaiting independent verification. Turkish forces reportedly conducted artillery strikes against PKK militants in the Xakurke region of northern Iraq's Erbil province on 31 March 2025, with unknown casualties. This represents a continuation of Turkey's cross-border operations targeting Kurdish groups in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.

Supply chain impact

No commodities or chokepoints are directly mapped to this event; second-order effects depend on how the situation escalates and whether operations expand to affect broader regional infrastructure or energy facilities in northern Iraq.

Watch points

• Monitor for escalation that could threaten oil infrastructure in the broader Erbil province or disrupt overland trade routes between Turkey and Iraq
• Track whether PKK or affiliated groups retaliate with attacks on Turkish or regional economic targets